Selkies

Originating from Orkney and United Kingdom folklore, a Selkie is a gentle water spirit believed to live in the sea as a seal, but once on land, they fully assume human form.

They must shed their seal skins to become human but should always keep their pelt close by otherwise, they will remain in human form forever.

According to some legends, Selkie are fallen angels who were too pure to be condemned to Hell and instead fell to the shoreline of Earth. They’re often described as beautiful and doe-eyed.

Other folklore stories warn humans from shedding Selkie blood, or wild and violent storms will claim many human lives at sea.

Pùca

Pùca, sometimes spelled Pooka, is a Celtic spirit andshape-shifter that can take various forms, including horses, rabbits, goats, and humans.

It’s also known as Puck in English Folklore, is sometimes believed to use the light of Will o’ the Wisp to lure people into swamps or ditches and then fleeing with delight.

Depending on circumstances, Pooka may be helpful to humanity, but more often than not, its pranks are damaging and hurtful. It has been said that seeing a Pooka in some form is an omen of imminent death.

It was believed during medieval times Pooka would whisk away little children if they were to go near them.

Púca are said to inhabit wild places like remote thickets and glens. A household would leave a plate of food at night for the púca outside their house or yard; in return, it would do chores during the night and protect the property from fire and trespassers.

During the Celtic Feast of Samhain, it was believed the Pooka, shaped like a horse, would stomp the last seasonal blackberries and offer prophecy and divination to anyone who wished to receive it.

In Old and Middle English the word meant simply “demon.” In Elizabethan lore he was a mischievous, brownie like fairy also called Robin Goodfellow, or Hobgoblin.

As one of the leading characters in William Shakespeare’s Midsummer Night’s Dream, Puck boasts of his pranks of changing shapes, misleading travelers at night, spoiling milk, frightening young girls, and tripping venerable old dames.

Britannica – Puck fairy

Mermaids

Mermaids are water spirits, and in Irish folklore, they’re known as Merrows. Mermaids are depicted as half-human, half-fish creatures and have been around for centuries in folklore and legends. Mermaids love music, and you’ll often hear them singing.

These water spirits have been linked to sorrow and destruction in modern and ancient folklore, while they can also be compassionate. They have provided the wisdom of natural remedies for deadly illnesses, lavish gifts, and storm advisories when rescued or saved. They may also lure sailors to doom and death by guiding them to rocks and causing their ships to wreck.

Mermen are sometimes associated with eating their own children or drowning people underwater out of spite and revenge for fishing in their territory.

Aquatic mammals, such as the dugong and manatee, that suckle their young in human fashion above water are considered by some to be the origin of myths about mermaids.

Britannica – Mermaid – Legendary being

Asanbonsam

Asanbonsam (Ah-SAN-bon-some)

Variations: Asambosam, Asanbosan, Asasa-bonsam, Sasabonsam

The asanbonsam terrorizes mankind from southern Ghana in Togo and along the Ivory Coast of Africa. Although it is rarely encountered, it looks like a human with hooks for its hands and feet. Its preferred method of hunting is to patiently sit in a tree and wait for some luckless individual to pass directly underneath it. When this happens, the asanbonsam will use its hooks to snatch up its prey and drain it dry of blood. When times are lean, it will venture into a village at night and sip blood from a sleeping person’s thumb. Fortunately, the regular sacrifices of a goat and the spilling of its blood on the ground will keep it satisfied enough to not hunt within the village.

Leanan Sidhe

The Leanan Sidhe (pronounced La-non shee) means Fairy Mistress and is a beautiful Irish solitary Fae from the Otherworld. Leanan Sidhe is often portrayed as female, but a few folklores characterizes them as male.

Leanan Sidhe often seduce and help people with creative abilities like poets, artists, or musicians. They are gorgeous and fascinating to their lovers, but entirely invisible to their lover’s friends and family.

Leanan Sidhe inspires their lovers so they can achieve prestige and success, while simultaneously draining their life and vitality until they eventually waste away.Once their lover dies,Leanan Sidhe roam about until they find another.

TheLeanan Sidhe is not always seen as evil. In fact, theLeanan Sidhe is sometimes misunderstood and it’s believed many truly care for their human lovers. They try to provide them with as much inspiration as they can offer, without draining too much of their life energy away.

Some claimLeanan Sidhe is an invention of W. B. Yeats, while they could also be a variation of older Fae mythology.

Gean-Cánach

Gean-Cánach is a type of Fae in Irish mythology known for smoking a dudeen (clay pipe). Gean-Cánach (pronounced Ghan-Caw-nah) literally translates to ‘Love Talker’ and refers to faeries known for their ability to be alluring or enchanting with their voices.

Gean-Cánach has a passion for seducing shepherdesses and milkmaids and making love to them.

You’ll recognize a Gean-Cánach faery by his lack of shadow, a mist that swirls around him, and the birds will stop singing.

Legend states that any woman who is unlucky enough to kiss a Gean-Cánach faery was doomed because he would vanish as fast as he had appeared, leaving them to die of desire.

Changelings

Stories of Changelings have been passed down for centuries and involve the Fae leaving deformed or sickly faerie infants in place of a human baby shortly after it’s born. One belief surrounding Changelings is that the Fae take human children, leaving a faery in its place.

A Changeling could be identified by a few characteristics, including being old, ugly, having minimal growth, or advanced and intelligent for its age.

Parents and family members were frequently blamed for Fae kidnappings. A newborn that received too much adoration or praise might garner unwanted awareness from the Fae, who desired attractive or charming babies.

Fear of Changeling Fae abductions was prevalent throughout European folklore, but similar beliefs have been found in multiple cultures.

Changeling stories are thought to exist due to the rise of Christianity, and the belief that infants are vulnerable to demonic possession. Stories were told claiming Fae prey on unbaptized babies. 

There was a continuous dread of Fae kidnappings, and all sorts of drastic precautions were sought to avoid replacements. If a child was suspected of being a Changeling, they may be exposed to all kinds of strange mistreatment, including abuse and torture.

Placing a child on a shovel held over the fire was a common technique of discovering a Changeling. It was believed the Fae would come to rescue the Changeling if they were blasted with iron nails or forced to spend the day on a hillside or manure mound.

Long into the Victorian era, complaints of parents abusing alleged Changeling children persisted.

On a happier message, a mother was occasionally told that being kind towards a Changeling will lead to the recovery of her own child, which did happen in each instance.

Changeling, in European folklore, a deformed or imbecilic offspring of fairies or elves substituted by them surreptitiously for a human infant. According to legend, the abducted human children are given to the devil or used to strengthen fairy stock.

Britannica – Changeling folklore

Roman Baths

Roman baths, used for both socializing and cleaning, were a marvel of engineering. The water was heated by the fire lit under the pool and the hot air was circulated between the walls of the bath; so that both the water temperature and the temperature of the building would remain constant. The water used in the Roman baths was generally carried from the water source to the bath with the help of aqueducts.

The dirty water coming out of the baths had a function. These dirty waters were drained from the canal and used to clean the dirty canals of the latrinas (Public Toilet) next to the baths.

For the Romans, these baths were an important part of daily life. They would go every day and stay for a few hours. The wealthy Romans used to come with their slaves. The slaves brought in usually took on the task of carrying towels and drinks. Before bathing in Roman baths, sports exercises were done. Running, weight lifting and wrestling are examples of these. After the exercises, the servants would smear their masters with oil and then scrape off the oil with the help of a board or bone. In this way, great dirt would be removed.

In the Roman bath, body cleaning was done with an apparatus called strigilis. With this apparatus, sweat, sand and dust sticking to the body were removed, and then the body was lubricated in the area called aleipterion.

Roman baths were also present inside various palaces or castles. The Romans used the same name (Thermae) for them as well. The design of the baths is mentioned a lot on Vitruvius’ De architectura.

Since the limits of socialization were exceeded in some baths and there were incidents such as prostitution, it was decided that women would enter the bath from morning to noon and men would enter the bath in the afternoon. So they were prevented from entering to baths together.

For example, Emperor Trajan forbade men and women to bathe together in the Ephesus Bath in 98 AD.

Nymphs

Nymphs are nature spirits who materialize as gorgeous women and are part of Greek and Roman mythology. These types of Fae are often called goddesses, and it’s believed the word nymph is derived from the Greek word for bride.

The nymphs were frequently linked with fertility and the elements air, fire, water, and earth.  They were not immortal, but they lived exceptionally long lives and were typically friendly to men.

Overall, nymphs are classified according to the natural element they are connected with and what they protect.

A Nymph can be thought of as a forest spirit due to its connection with flora and fauna, flowing waters, cool grottos, and caves. While nymphs can be found in all corners of the world, most live in forest settings such as woodlands or grasslands.

However, some nymph species prefer bodies of water like lakes, rivers, and oceans. An example of this would be the famousCalypso, who was a sea nymph, which is also known as an Oceanid.

There are a few more types of Fae nymphs who have their own names:

  • Acheloids (rivers)
  • Alseids (glens and groves)
  • Auloniad (mountain pastures and vales)
  • Crenae or Crinaeae (fountains or wells)
  • Dryads (originally oak trees, but later all trees and forests)
  • Hesperides (evening and golden light of sunsets)
  • Hydriads (rivers, streams, and lakes)
  • Leimoniades (meadows and pastures often protected sheep and fruit-trees)
  • Meliae (the ash tree)
  • Melissa (honey and bees)
  • Muses (water and springs)
  • Naiads (springs and rivers)
  • Napaea (wooded valleys, glens or grottos)
  • Oceanids (sea)
  • Oreads (mountains)
  • Undines (water nymph who becomes human when she falls in love with a mortal man)

Nymphs love bright colors, and they’re often more visible during the summer months when the flowers are in full bloom.

They are not immortal but are believed to live for thousands of years. They were often companions of gods and goddesses and entertained them with music, dancing, or divination.

Leprechauns

Leprechauns are solitary Fae and short, bearded men who wear a suit and tie and often make their homes in old churches or castles. These types of Fae love music and are talented musicians often playing a fiddle, pipe, or harp.

A leprechaun is often described as dressed entirely in green, although sometimes he wears a red coat, brown pants, and a tall hat.

He typically wears a leather apron and seems to be fixing a shoe with his small hammer and pounding away.It is this tapping that indicates his proximity, but people should avoid approaching.

It’s said that Leprechauns are always mending the shoes of trooping Faeries because they’re often worn out from so much dancing and traveling.

Sometimes called a Fairy Banker, Leprechauns have rights to massive amounts of wealth and gold that he does not part with easily. He guards his wealth zealously, does not keep it near his home, and it’s thought he uses a rainbow to indicate its location. Hence the belief you can follow a rainbow to the pot of gold.

Although in modern culture, Leprechauns are often depicted as humorous, cheerful, and friendly, this idea couldn’t be further from the legends.

Leprechauns are often cunning, self-centered, vengeful, and love isolation. They are just as likely to play a nasty trick on an unsuspecting human as they are to provide help or kindness.

Leprechauns were commonly appeased by local households due to their antagonistic behavior and animosity toward people. Dairy, bread, tobacco, and alcohol were frequently left outside doorsteps, and refusing to do so would invite havoc on the families, homes, and land.