Pùca

Pùca, sometimes spelled Pooka, is a Celtic spirit andshape-shifter that can take various forms, including horses, rabbits, goats, and humans.

It’s also known as Puck in English Folklore, is sometimes believed to use the light of Will o’ the Wisp to lure people into swamps or ditches and then fleeing with delight.

Depending on circumstances, Pooka may be helpful to humanity, but more often than not, its pranks are damaging and hurtful. It has been said that seeing a Pooka in some form is an omen of imminent death.

It was believed during medieval times Pooka would whisk away little children if they were to go near them.

Púca are said to inhabit wild places like remote thickets and glens. A household would leave a plate of food at night for the púca outside their house or yard; in return, it would do chores during the night and protect the property from fire and trespassers.

During the Celtic Feast of Samhain, it was believed the Pooka, shaped like a horse, would stomp the last seasonal blackberries and offer prophecy and divination to anyone who wished to receive it.

In Old and Middle English the word meant simply “demon.” In Elizabethan lore he was a mischievous, brownie like fairy also called Robin Goodfellow, or Hobgoblin.

As one of the leading characters in William Shakespeare’s Midsummer Night’s Dream, Puck boasts of his pranks of changing shapes, misleading travelers at night, spoiling milk, frightening young girls, and tripping venerable old dames.

Britannica – Puck fairy

Mermaids

Mermaids are water spirits, and in Irish folklore, they’re known as Merrows. Mermaids are depicted as half-human, half-fish creatures and have been around for centuries in folklore and legends. Mermaids love music, and you’ll often hear them singing.

These water spirits have been linked to sorrow and destruction in modern and ancient folklore, while they can also be compassionate. They have provided the wisdom of natural remedies for deadly illnesses, lavish gifts, and storm advisories when rescued or saved. They may also lure sailors to doom and death by guiding them to rocks and causing their ships to wreck.

Mermen are sometimes associated with eating their own children or drowning people underwater out of spite and revenge for fishing in their territory.

Aquatic mammals, such as the dugong and manatee, that suckle their young in human fashion above water are considered by some to be the origin of myths about mermaids.

Britannica – Mermaid – Legendary being

Leanan Sidhe

The Leanan Sidhe (pronounced La-non shee) means Fairy Mistress and is a beautiful Irish solitary Fae from the Otherworld. Leanan Sidhe is often portrayed as female, but a few folklores characterizes them as male.

Leanan Sidhe often seduce and help people with creative abilities like poets, artists, or musicians. They are gorgeous and fascinating to their lovers, but entirely invisible to their lover’s friends and family.

Leanan Sidhe inspires their lovers so they can achieve prestige and success, while simultaneously draining their life and vitality until they eventually waste away.Once their lover dies,Leanan Sidhe roam about until they find another.

TheLeanan Sidhe is not always seen as evil. In fact, theLeanan Sidhe is sometimes misunderstood and it’s believed many truly care for their human lovers. They try to provide them with as much inspiration as they can offer, without draining too much of their life energy away.

Some claimLeanan Sidhe is an invention of W. B. Yeats, while they could also be a variation of older Fae mythology.

Gean-Cánach

Gean-Cánach is a type of Fae in Irish mythology known for smoking a dudeen (clay pipe). Gean-Cánach (pronounced Ghan-Caw-nah) literally translates to ‘Love Talker’ and refers to faeries known for their ability to be alluring or enchanting with their voices.

Gean-Cánach has a passion for seducing shepherdesses and milkmaids and making love to them.

You’ll recognize a Gean-Cánach faery by his lack of shadow, a mist that swirls around him, and the birds will stop singing.

Legend states that any woman who is unlucky enough to kiss a Gean-Cánach faery was doomed because he would vanish as fast as he had appeared, leaving them to die of desire.

Changelings

Stories of Changelings have been passed down for centuries and involve the Fae leaving deformed or sickly faerie infants in place of a human baby shortly after it’s born. One belief surrounding Changelings is that the Fae take human children, leaving a faery in its place.

A Changeling could be identified by a few characteristics, including being old, ugly, having minimal growth, or advanced and intelligent for its age.

Parents and family members were frequently blamed for Fae kidnappings. A newborn that received too much adoration or praise might garner unwanted awareness from the Fae, who desired attractive or charming babies.

Fear of Changeling Fae abductions was prevalent throughout European folklore, but similar beliefs have been found in multiple cultures.

Changeling stories are thought to exist due to the rise of Christianity, and the belief that infants are vulnerable to demonic possession. Stories were told claiming Fae prey on unbaptized babies. 

There was a continuous dread of Fae kidnappings, and all sorts of drastic precautions were sought to avoid replacements. If a child was suspected of being a Changeling, they may be exposed to all kinds of strange mistreatment, including abuse and torture.

Placing a child on a shovel held over the fire was a common technique of discovering a Changeling. It was believed the Fae would come to rescue the Changeling if they were blasted with iron nails or forced to spend the day on a hillside or manure mound.

Long into the Victorian era, complaints of parents abusing alleged Changeling children persisted.

On a happier message, a mother was occasionally told that being kind towards a Changeling will lead to the recovery of her own child, which did happen in each instance.

Changeling, in European folklore, a deformed or imbecilic offspring of fairies or elves substituted by them surreptitiously for a human infant. According to legend, the abducted human children are given to the devil or used to strengthen fairy stock.

Britannica – Changeling folklore

Nymphs

Nymphs are nature spirits who materialize as gorgeous women and are part of Greek and Roman mythology. These types of Fae are often called goddesses, and it’s believed the word nymph is derived from the Greek word for bride.

The nymphs were frequently linked with fertility and the elements air, fire, water, and earth.  They were not immortal, but they lived exceptionally long lives and were typically friendly to men.

Overall, nymphs are classified according to the natural element they are connected with and what they protect.

A Nymph can be thought of as a forest spirit due to its connection with flora and fauna, flowing waters, cool grottos, and caves. While nymphs can be found in all corners of the world, most live in forest settings such as woodlands or grasslands.

However, some nymph species prefer bodies of water like lakes, rivers, and oceans. An example of this would be the famousCalypso, who was a sea nymph, which is also known as an Oceanid.

There are a few more types of Fae nymphs who have their own names:

  • Acheloids (rivers)
  • Alseids (glens and groves)
  • Auloniad (mountain pastures and vales)
  • Crenae or Crinaeae (fountains or wells)
  • Dryads (originally oak trees, but later all trees and forests)
  • Hesperides (evening and golden light of sunsets)
  • Hydriads (rivers, streams, and lakes)
  • Leimoniades (meadows and pastures often protected sheep and fruit-trees)
  • Meliae (the ash tree)
  • Melissa (honey and bees)
  • Muses (water and springs)
  • Naiads (springs and rivers)
  • Napaea (wooded valleys, glens or grottos)
  • Oceanids (sea)
  • Oreads (mountains)
  • Undines (water nymph who becomes human when she falls in love with a mortal man)

Nymphs love bright colors, and they’re often more visible during the summer months when the flowers are in full bloom.

They are not immortal but are believed to live for thousands of years. They were often companions of gods and goddesses and entertained them with music, dancing, or divination.

Leprechauns

Leprechauns are solitary Fae and short, bearded men who wear a suit and tie and often make their homes in old churches or castles. These types of Fae love music and are talented musicians often playing a fiddle, pipe, or harp.

A leprechaun is often described as dressed entirely in green, although sometimes he wears a red coat, brown pants, and a tall hat.

He typically wears a leather apron and seems to be fixing a shoe with his small hammer and pounding away.It is this tapping that indicates his proximity, but people should avoid approaching.

It’s said that Leprechauns are always mending the shoes of trooping Faeries because they’re often worn out from so much dancing and traveling.

Sometimes called a Fairy Banker, Leprechauns have rights to massive amounts of wealth and gold that he does not part with easily. He guards his wealth zealously, does not keep it near his home, and it’s thought he uses a rainbow to indicate its location. Hence the belief you can follow a rainbow to the pot of gold.

Although in modern culture, Leprechauns are often depicted as humorous, cheerful, and friendly, this idea couldn’t be further from the legends.

Leprechauns are often cunning, self-centered, vengeful, and love isolation. They are just as likely to play a nasty trick on an unsuspecting human as they are to provide help or kindness.

Leprechauns were commonly appeased by local households due to their antagonistic behavior and animosity toward people. Dairy, bread, tobacco, and alcohol were frequently left outside doorsteps, and refusing to do so would invite havoc on the families, homes, and land.

Lady of the Lake

A Lady of the Lake is a magical water faery and enchantress who lives in lakes and ponds to keep watch over them and maintain their purity. Their legends and mythology have spread across many cultures, and no one knows their exact origins.

In Arthurian legend, she is a mystifying faery queen who (along with three other faery queens) brings Arthur’s injured body to Avalon.

Some people believe a Lady of the Lake is a representation of the Morrìgan. Other’s believe she’s the Celtic goddess Àine or Coventina. It’s also been speculated that they descended from a mermaid.

Traunsee in Austria is said to be home to a stunning, but evil, Lady of the Lake. On moonlit nights she can be found near the waterfall. Any mortal who sees her will suffer great tragedy and sorrow. Fishermen are reported to vanish from the lakeshore and never return.

Dryads

Dryads are wood nymphs and tree spirits who live in trees. Their names come from the Greek word Drys, meaning oak.

Dryads are known for fiercely guarding trees and you’lloften find them chatting to the trees they protect. These types of fae believe it’s their duty to punish anyone who commits crimes against Nature and their wrath is not something you want to encounter.

It’s often said if the tree a Dryad is protecting dies, so would the Dryad.

Boggart

A Boggart is a shapeshifting spirit or creature from English folklore that inhabits both moors and marshes and is sometimes called a Boggard or Bag. Some legends say that boggarts haunt the swamps of northern England, Scotland, and Wales.

In many Scottish and northern English folklore, there are numerous household boggarts who act similar to a Brownie by doing household chores. However, Boggarts tend to be more malevolent by destroying household items if not rewarded or mistreated, whereas Brownies tend to be more friendly.

These types of fae can appear in a variety of forms and act like a demon or poltergeist.

Boggarts are notorious for their deception and seldom have a description because they rarely appear, and when they do they take on other forms. Boggarts who manifest as people are typically more violent than those who manifest as animals.

Boggarts were featured in the Harry Potter series written by J.K Rowling. Stephen King is also a Boggart.

Another [story] tells of the Boggart of the Brook, at Garstang in Yorkshire, which appears as a woman in a hooded cloak at the roadside requesting a lift from travelers, usually those on horseback. When the “hitchhiker” has become a passenger, she reveals herself to be a skeleton, and her demonic cackle and clawing grip spur the traveler into a frenzied ride, causing injury or death.

~ Carol Rose – Spirits, Fairies, Gnomes, and Goblins